governance thriving 2010

OpenOffice.org LibreOffice

Developers left Oracle-controlled OpenOffice. Every major Linux distro switched. OpenOffice donated to Apache, now near-dead.

What it is

OpenOffice.org/LibreOffice is a full office productivity suite including word processing (Writer), spreadsheets (Calc), presentations (Impress), and databases (Base). It supports the OpenDocument Format (ODF) standard and provides compatibility with Microsoft Office formats. As one of the most complex open source applications, with millions of lines of C++ code, the ability to fork and maintain it required substantial organizational infrastructure.

The story

The LibreOffice fork is the textbook example of what happens when a corporation acquires an open source project and proceeds to treat its community like an inconvenience. When Oracle swallowed Sun Microsystems in 2010, the OpenOffice.org community braced for impact. They were right to worry.

On September 28, 2010, a group of long-time OpenOffice.org contributors — including Thorsten Behrens, Italo Vignoli, and others — announced The Document Foundation (TDF) and launched LibreOffice. They even invited Oracle to join and donate the OpenOffice.org brand. Oracle's response? They demanded that every Community Council member involved with TDF resign immediately, leaving the Council staffed entirely by Oracle employees. Subtle.

The exodus was swift and devastating. Within months, virtually every major Linux distribution switched from OpenOffice to LibreOffice. Oracle, apparently realizing they were holding a bag of nothing, laid off the remaining OpenOffice developers in April 2011 and donated the carcass to the Apache Software Foundation in June 2011. Apache OpenOffice lingered on life support for years, occasionally releasing updates that were mostly just security patches.

LibreOffice, meanwhile, thrived spectacularly. With a proper community governance model, regular releases, and contributions from companies like Red Hat, Collabora, and SUSE, it became the de facto open source office suite. The project attracted hundreds of developers and established itself as a genuine alternative to Microsoft Office.

The OpenOffice.org saga became the canonical example cited whenever someone asks 'what could go wrong if a corporation mishandles an open source community?' The answer: everything. Everything could go wrong.

Timeline

Oracle completes acquisition of Sun Microsystems

The Document Foundation announced; LibreOffice fork launched

Oracle demands all TDF-affiliated Council members resign

LibreOffice 3.3 released as first stable version

Oracle lays off remaining OpenOffice.org developers

Oracle donates OpenOffice.org to Apache Software Foundation

The Document Foundation formally incorporated in Germany

Apache OpenOffice nearly declared 'retired' due to lack of volunteers

Key people

Thorsten Behrens
TDF co-founder, former Sun/OpenOffice developer since 2001
Italo Vignoli
TDF co-founder, marketing and communications lead
Michael Meeks
Key LibreOffice developer, led ooo-build at Novell/SUSE
Florian Effenberger
TDF co-founder and Executive Director
Larry Ellison
Oracle CEO whose acquisition triggered the exodus

Impact

LibreOffice became the standard open source office suite worldwide, shipping as the default in every major Linux distribution. It effectively killed OpenOffice.org, which limps along under Apache with minimal development activity and increasingly infrequent releases.

More broadly, the fork demonstrated that a well-organized community can successfully wrest control of a major software project from a hostile corporate steward. It became the template for future governance-driven forks and proved that brand recognition means nothing if the developers have already left the building.

Lesson: If you acquire an open source project and treat the community as expendable, the community will simply leave and take the project with them.

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